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IELTS 21 Academic · Test 3

Listening · Part 4

Mock mode: in the real test you hear the recording once.

Questions 31–40
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
  1. 0:00 Part 4. You will hear part of a lecture by Dr Priya Nair on coral reefs under pressure. First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
  2. 0:21 Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
  3. 0:25 Lecturer: Good afternoon. Today's lecture is about coral reefs under pressure.
  4. 0:31 Lecturer: Coral reefs cover a tiny part of the ocean but support a quarter of marine species.
  5. 0:37 Lecturer: Corals are animals that live together with tiny algae.
  6. 0:41 Lecturer: The algae give corals their bright colours.
  7. 0:44 Lecturer: When the water becomes too warm, corals lose their algae and turn white.
  8. 0:50 Lecturer: This process, called bleaching, does not always mean the coral is dead.
  9. 0:55 Lecturer: Reefs also protect coastlines from waves during storms.
  10. 0:59 Lecturer: Scientists are growing young corals in underwater nurseries.
  11. 1:04 Lecturer: Volunteers help by recording reef health with waterproof cameras.
  12. 1:08 Lecturer: Reducing fertiliser use on farms keeps nutrients out of the sea.
  13. 1:13 Lecturer: The speaker believes local fishermen must be part of any solution.
  14. 1:18 Lecturer: That's all for today. Next week, we'll look at some case studies in more detail.
  15. 1:24 That is the end of Part 4. You now have some time to check your answers to Part 4.
  16. 1:40 That is the end of the listening test.

Coral reefs under pressure

Background

  • Coral reefs cover a tiny part of the ocean but support a quarter of marine 31.
  • Corals are animals that live together with tiny 32.
  • The algae give corals their bright 33.
  • When the water becomes too warm, corals lose their algae and turn 34.

Key developments

  • This process, called bleaching, does not always mean the coral is 35.
  • Reefs also protect coastlines from 36 during storms.
  • Scientists are growing young corals in underwater 37.
  • Volunteers help by recording reef health with waterproof 38.

Today and the future

  • Reducing fertiliser use on farms keeps 39 out of the sea.
  • The speaker believes local 40 must be part of any solution.
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